Ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya Laser ikoresha ubugari bwa pulse, uburebure bwimbaraga nyinshi hejuru yikintu kigomba gusukurwa.Binyuze mu ngaruka ziterwa no kunyeganyega byihuse, guhumeka, kubora, no gukuramo plasma, ibyanduza, irangi ryangirika, cyangwa ibifuniko hejuru bigenda bihumeka no gutandukana, bigera ku isuku yubutaka.
Isuku ya Laser itanga ibyiza nko kudahuza, kubungabunga ibidukikije, neza neza, kandi nta byangiritse kuri substrate, bigatuma ikoreshwa mubihe bitandukanye.
Gusukura Laser
Icyatsi kandi Cyiza
Inganda zipine, inganda nshya zinganda, ninganda zubaka imashini, hamwe nizindi, zikoresha cyane isuku ya laser.Mugihe cyintego za "dual carbone", isuku ya laser igaragara nkigisubizo gishya kumasoko gakondo yisuku kubera imikorere yayo myiza, kugenzura neza, hamwe nibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije.
Igitekerezo cyo Gusukura Laser:
Isuku ya Laser ikubiyemo kwibanda kumirasire ya lazeri hejuru yibintu kugirango byuka vuba cyangwa bikureho ibintu byanduye, bigere ku isuku yibintu.Ugereranije nuburyo butandukanye bwogukora isuku yumubiri cyangwa imiti, isuku ya lazeri irangwa no kudahuza, nta bikoreshwa, nta mwanda uhari, neza cyane, kandi nta byangiritse cyangwa byangiritse, bigatuma ihitamo ryiza kubisekuru bishya byikoranabuhanga ryogusukura inganda.
Ihame ryo Gusukura Laser:
Ihame ryo gusukura lazeri riragoye kandi rishobora kuba ririmo inzira yumubiri nubumashini.Mubihe byinshi, imikorere yumubiri iriganje, iherekejwe nigice cyimiti.Inzira nyamukuru irashobora gushyirwa mubice bitatu: inzira yo guhumeka, inzira yo guhungabana, hamwe nuburyo bwo kunyeganyega.
Uburyo bwa gazi:
Iyo imishwarara ya lazeri ifite ingufu nyinshi ishyizwe hejuru yikintu, ubuso bwinjiza ingufu za lazeri bukayihindura ingufu zimbere, bigatuma ubushyuhe bwubuso bwiyongera vuba.Uku kuzamuka kwubushyuhe kugera cyangwa kurenza ubushyuhe bwumwuka wibintu, bigatuma umwanda utandukana hejuru yibintu muburyo bwumwuka.Imyuka ihitamo akenshi ibaho mugihe igipimo cyo kwinjiza ibyanduye kuri laser kiri hejuru cyane ugereranije na substrate.Urugero rusanzwe rushyirwaho ni ugusukura umwanda hejuru yamabuye.Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira, ibyanduye hejuru yamabuye bikurura lazeri kandi bigahinduka vuba.Iyo ibyanduye bimaze gukurwaho burundu, kandi lazeri irabagirana hejuru yamabuye, iyinjira ryayo iba idakomeye, kandi ingufu za laser nyinshi zikwirakwizwa hejuru yamabuye.Kubwibyo, hari impinduka nkeya mubushyuhe bwubuso bwibuye, bityo bikarinda kwangirika.
Uburyo busanzwe burimo ibikorwa byimiti bibaho mugihe cyoza umwanda wanduye hamwe na ultraviolet wavelength lasers, inzira izwi kwizina rya laser.Lazeri ya Ultraviolet ifite uburebure buke bwumurongo ningufu za fotone.Kurugero, laser ya KrF excimer ifite uburebure bwa 248 nm ifite ingufu za fotone ya 5 eV, ikubye inshuro 40 ugereranije na fotone ya CO2 laser (0.12 eV).Izo mbaraga nyinshi za fotone zirahagije kugirango zice imigozi ya molekuline mubikoresho kama, bigatuma CC, CH, CO, nibindi, imvano mumyanda ihumanya yameneka nyuma yo gukuramo ingufu za fotone ya lazeri, biganisha kuri gaze ya pyrolitike no kuyikura kuri hejuru.
Igikorwa cyo Guhungabana mugusukura Laser:
Igikorwa cyo guhungabana mugusukura lazeri kirimo urukurikirane rwibintu bibaho mugihe cyimikoranire hagati ya lazeri nibikoresho, bikavamo imivumba yo guhungabana igira ingaruka kubintu.Bitewe niyi nkubi y'umuyaga, umwanda wanduye ucika mu mukungugu cyangwa ibice, ukava kure.Uburyo butera iyi nkubi y'umuyaga buratandukanye, harimo plasma, imyuka, hamwe no kwaguka vuba vuba hamwe no kugabanuka.
Dufashe urugero rwa plasma ihungabana nkurugero, turashobora gusobanukirwa muri make uburyo inzira yo guhungabana mugusukura laser ikuraho umwanda.Hamwe nogukoresha ultra-short pulse ubugari (ns) hamwe nububasha bwo hejuru cyane (107-1010 W ／ cm2) lazeri, ubushyuhe bwubuso burashobora kuzamuka cyane kubushyuhe bwumuyaga nubwo kwinjirira hejuru ya laser ari intege nke.Ubu bushyuhe bwihuse bwongera imyuka hejuru yubuso bwibintu, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo (a).Ubushyuhe bwumwuka burashobora kugera kuri 104 - 105 K, bihagije kugirango ionize imyuka ubwayo cyangwa umwuka ukikije, bigakora plasma.Plasma ibuza lazeri kugera hejuru yibintu, birashoboka guhagarika imyuka yo hejuru.Nyamara, plasma ikomeje kwinjiza ingufu za laser, ikomeza kongera ubushyuhe bwayo no gushiraho imiterere yubushyuhe bukabije nigitutu.Ibi bitanga ingaruka zigihe gito 1-100 kbar hejuru yibintu kandi bigenda byinjira imbere, nkuko bigaragara mumashusho (b) na (c).Ingaruka ziterwa no guhinda umushyitsi, umwanda wanduye ucika mukungugu duto, uduce, cyangwa ibice.Iyo lazeri yimukiye kure yumucyo, plasma irazimira bidatinze, bigatera umuvuduko mubi waho, kandi ibice cyangwa ibice byanduye bivanwa hejuru, nkuko bigaragara mumashusho (d).
Inzira ya Oscillation mugusukura Laser:
Mubikorwa byo kunyeganyega byoza lazeri, gushyushya no gukonjesha ibintu bibaho byihuse cyane bitewe na lazeri ngufi.Bitewe na coefficient zitandukanye zo kwagura amashyanyarazi yibikoresho bitandukanye, ibyanduye hejuru yubutaka hamwe na substrate bigenda byiyongera cyane byumuriro no kugabanuka kurwego rutandukanye iyo bihuye na irrasiyo ngufi.Ibi biganisha ku ngaruka zinyeganyeza zitera umwanda gukuramo ibintu bifatika.
Muri iki gihe cyo gukuramo, imyuka yumubiri ntishobora kubaho, ntanubwo plasma iba ikenewe.Ahubwo, inzira ishingiye ku mbaraga zogosha zakozwe mumirongo iri hagati yanduye na substrate munsi yigikorwa cyo kunyeganyega, bica umubano hagati yabo.Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko kongera gato inguni yibibazo bya laser bishobora kongera umubano hagati ya lazeri, umwanda wanduye, hamwe nintera ya substrate.Ubu buryo bugabanya urwego rwo gusukura lazeri, bigatuma ingaruka zinyeganyega zigaragara cyane no kunoza imikorere yisuku.Nyamara, impande zifatika ntizigomba kuba nini cyane, kuko inguni ndende cyane irashobora kugabanya ubwinshi bwingufu zikora hejuru yibintu, bityo bikagabanya ubushobozi bwo gukora isuku ya lazeri.
Inganda zikoreshwa mu nganda zoza Laser:
1: Inganda
Isuku ya Laser ituma isuku idahuza kubumba, ikarinda umutekano wububiko.Iremeza neza kandi irashobora guhanagura ibice byumwanda munsi ya micron uburyo bwogukora isuku bushobora gukurwaho.Ibi bigera ku isuku nyayo idafite umwanda, ikora neza, kandi yujuje ubuziranenge.
2: Inganda zikoreshwa neza
Mu nganda zikora neza, ibice bikenera gukenera esters hamwe namavuta yubutare akoreshwa mugusiga amavuta no kurwanya ruswa.Uburyo bwa chimique busanzwe bukoreshwa mugusukura, ariko akenshi busiga ibisigazwa.Isuku ya lazeri irashobora gukuraho burundu esters hamwe namavuta yubutare bitarinze kwangiza ubuso bwibigize.Laser iterwa na lazeri yibice bya oxyde hejuru yibice bigize ibice bitera inkuba, bigatuma ikurwaho ryanduye ridafite imikoranire.
3: Inganda za Gariyamoshi
Kugeza ubu, gusukura gari ya moshi mbere yo gusudira ahanini ikoresha gusya ibiziga no kumusenyi, biganisha ku kwangirika gukabije kwa substrate no guhangayika.Byongeye kandi, itwara ibintu byinshi byangiza ibintu, bikavamo ibiciro byinshi hamwe n’umwanda ukabije.Isuku ya Laser irashobora gutanga tekiniki yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ikora neza, kandi yangiza ibidukikije kugirango ikore inzira ya gari ya moshi yihuta mu Bushinwa.Ikemura ibibazo nkibyobo bya gari ya moshi idafite aho bihuriye, ibibara byijimye, nudusembwa two gusudira, byongera umutekano numutekano wibikorwa bya gari ya moshi yihuta.
4: Inganda zindege
Ubuso bwindege bugomba gusiga irangi nyuma yigihe runaka, ariko mbere yo gushushanya, irangi rya kera rigomba kuvaho burundu.Kwibiza / guhanagura imiti nuburyo bukomeye bwo kwambura amarangi murwego rwindege, bitera imyanda myinshi yimiti ndetse no kudashobora kugera ku gukuraho amarangi yaho kugirango abungabunge.Isuku ya lazeri irashobora kugera ku gukuraho ubuziranenge bwo gusiga irangi hejuru yuruhu rwindege kandi byoroshye guhuza nibikorwa byikora.Kugeza ubu, iryo koranabuhanga ryatangiye gukoreshwa mu kubungabunga zimwe mu ndege zo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu mahanga.
5: Inganda zo mu nyanja
Isuku mbere yumusaruro mu nganda zo mu nyanja zikunze gukoresha uburyo bwo gutera umucanga, bigatuma umwanda ukabije wangiza ibidukikije.Kubera ko guhagarikwa umucanga bigenda bibuzwa buhoro buhoro, byatumye umusaruro ugabanuka cyangwa ndetse no guhagarika amasosiyete yubaka ubwato.Ikoranabuhanga rya Laser rizatanga igisubizo cyicyatsi kibisi kandi kitarangwamo umwanda kugirango habeho kurwanya ruswa hejuru yubwato.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-16-2024